Expellers and Extractions
| Infobox on Expellers and Extractions | |
|---|---|
| Example of Expellers and Extractions |  |
| Facts | |
| Origin | Mostly S. America and Asia |
| Stowage factor (in m3/t) | See particular products |
| Angle of repose | - |
| Humidity / moisture | - |
| Oil content | - |
| Ventilation | - |
| Risk factors | - |
Expellers and Extractions
Description
Expellers and extractions are the residue left after the extraction of oil from oilseeds and oil bearing fruits. Expellers are the residue from processing by the continuous screw process, with an oil content of between 4% and 9%, but sometimes more if old machinery has been used.
Extractions are the residue after solvent extraction of the oil, the remaining oil content is between 1% and 3%. Usually in the form of regular grain-sized pellets.
Shipped in bulk and sometimes in bags for use as animal feed. Insect damage is more common in pressed residues than in those which have been solvent treated. Little loss in value results.
Spontaneous combustion rarely occurs with solvent extractions, due to low oil content. Surface ventilation with due care. See also individual commodity headings and advice on overseas shipment of Seedcake.
Reference is also made to the relevant IMO publications of hazardous cargo ("Seed Cake").