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| − | {{Infobox_Oils | + | {{Infobox_Metals |
| − | | image = CastorOil.jpg | + | | image = |
| − | | origin = This table shows only a selection of the most important countries of origin and should not be thought of as exhaustive.<ul><li>Europe</li><li>Africa: East Africa</li><li>Asia: India, China</li><li>America: Brazil</li><li>Australia</li></ul><br> | + | | origin = |
| − | | density = 0,950 - 0,968
| + | | stowage factor = |
| − | | temperature = 12° to 25°C (see text) | + | | humidity and moisture = |
| − | | humidity and moisture = Fats and fatty oils are insoluble in water. | + | | ventilation = |
| − | | ventilation = Ventilation must not be carried out under any circumstances. | + | | risk factors = |
| − | | self-heating = -
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| − | | risk factors = The oil may ignite spontaneously in conjunction with sawdust or material residues (see text). | |
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| − | ==Description==
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| − | Castor oil is a yellow to yellow-brown oil produced by crushing castor seed. It is thick, has a high viscosity, and a nauseous smell and taste. Its solidifying point is very low. The product is exported in two grades:<br><br>
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| − | * Cold pressed for the first grade of medicinal oil, containing below 1% of free fatty acid.
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| − | * Hot pressed commercial grade, containing not more than 2% free fatty acid.<br><br>
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| − | Shipped in bulk, or in drums for small quantities. Castor oil is not liable to loss in weight or to deterioration through inherent vice. Proximity to boilers, combined with a long voyage, may result in an increase in the free fatty acid content. Drums/tanks must be free of rust and well cleaned before filling. If water is left in drums/tanks, the quality will deteriorate, and if the proportion of water is high, the oil will develop a smell similar to that of dirty water which has been stored for a long time. The quality of the oil must be examined by drawing samples for analysis. Rubbing a few drops of the oil between the palms of the hand, it gives at times a characteristic smell from which it may be possible to determine whether castor oil is in the process of deterioration, or in good condition.<br><br>
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| − | Edible oils will suffer quality (essentially flavor) deterioration because of chemical changes within them. In addition they may be contaminated by substances which promote quality deterioration or other adverse chemical changes or which may themselves pose a public health hazard, or simply push the oil out of specification.<br><br>
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| − | Atmospheric oxygen, wetness and/or light can have an adverse influence on color, odor/taste (rancidity) and may cause gelling/thickening.<br><br>
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| − | ==Applications==
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| − | Castor oil is used in the food industry (additives, flavorings, mold inhibitor, packaging), [[grain]] preservative; in polyurethane; medicinal use; industrial use (cosmetics, pharmaceutical and manufacturing industries); as raw material for the production of a number of chemicals.<br>
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| − | ==Shipment/storage==
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| − | Storage duration of castor oil: approx. 6 months (at 12° to 25°C).<br>
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| − | Favorable carrying temperature: 15°C<br>
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| − | Pumping temperature: 30° to 35°C<br>
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| − | Solidification temperature range: -10° to -18°C.<br>
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| − | Boiling point: 313°C<br><br>
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| − | For further details on deterioration, contamination, oxidation, transit and handling etc., we may refer to [[Bulk Oils and Fats]].<br><br>
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| − |
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| − | ==Risk factors==
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| − | - Self-heating / Spontaneous combustion<br>
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| − | - Oxidation (rancidity; due to [[contact]] with air, excessive light, heat, metal affection, water, microbiological changes)<br>
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| − | - Odor<br>
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| − | - Contamination<br>
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| − | - Mechanical influences<br>
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| − | - Toxicity / Hazards to health<br>
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| − | - Shrinkage/Shortage (tank wall adhesion up to 0.3% may be deemed normal).<br><br>
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| − | Note:<br><i>(Source including Transport Information Service of the GDV)</i><br>
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| | [[Category:Oil and chemicals]] | | [[Category:Oil and chemicals]] |
| | [[Category:Products]] | | [[Category:Products]] |
